小编帮你分析ACT新旧写作题目

      ACT新旧写作题目分析

　　ACT作文题目改革后，从原有的校园题(要不要穿校服，学校应不应该有软饮贩卖机)变成了更贴近社会的题目(智能机器和人性，公共健康和个人自由)，并从原来yes or no的选择观点并说读者的文体，变成了3个观点的分析议论文。

　　之前的题目对于写惯了Do you agree or disagree 题目的同学，很容易一上来就选好自己的观点，然后立马一二三大段开始站队反驳。但需要注意的是新ACT写作题目的要求之一是“分析并评估所给的观点”(analyze and evaluate the perspectives given)。这和之前题目的要求“可在两个已给观点中选择一个作为自己的立场，也可另立观点”(you may take write either one of the two points of veiws given oryou may present a different point of the view on the question)相比，更强调了分析已给观点的必要性。

　　拿一个旧ACT题目举例：

　　Educators datable whether high schoolshould provide students with frequent learning opportunities away from school,such as field trips to explore a museum, visit a local business, or attend aplay. Some educators support providing students with frequent field trips becausethey think such trips can offer students interactive experiences that relate towhat students are studying in school. Other educators do not support providingstudents with frequent field trips because they think such trips can be costlyand that school funds are better spent on improving schools’ academic resourcesor facilities. In your opinion, should high schools provide students withfrequent learning opportunities away from school?

　　这段题目隐藏了2个观点：1. Some educators support providing students with frequent fieldtrips(支持课外出游) 2、Other educators do not support providing students with frequentfield trips(不支持课外出游)

　　按旧ACT的要求，可以仅抓住一个支持课外出游的观点来写，完全不提及另一方的观点。比如表面立场后，主题段从利于学生增强理解课本知识，利于扩大眼界等等哗啦啦写上三大段。结尾重申学校就是应该开展课外出游。结束。

　　但如果按照ACT现行的写作要求，本题目可能会变成：

　　1、such trips can offerstudents interactive experiences that relate to what students are studying in school(课外出游可以补充提供与课堂知识相关的实际互动体验)

　　2、trips can be costlyand that school funds are better spent on improving school academic resourcesor facilities(昂贵的课外出游所花经费更应该用来提高学校软硬件水平)

　　3. fieldtrips should be volunteering not mandatory (课外出游应该是自愿的而非强制的)

　　写作时就不能只选一个方面写，忽视其他两方面，而需要把题目中已给的三个perspective分门别类地，逐一地，进行分析，哪怕这个观点和你自己的观点是背道而驰。

　　比如你觉得学校就是应该组织课外出游，完全不同意2，但写作2时也应压住心里怒吼的那句“我反正就是不同意!反正就是要出游!”，而带着成熟批判的眼光，思考一下2观点的人的出发点是什么，有什么理由会让ta得出这一观点?

　　正如伏尔泰所说，“我可以不同意你的观点，但我誓死捍卫你说话的权利”

　　这一改革目标非常切合大学写作的目标和要求。大学无论学习哪个学科，最常见的课后作业是根据一个知识点写一篇research paper，比如国际关系的古巴危机，新闻学的棱镜，生物学的多利绵羊，等等不胜累举。这个知识点可能是全新的，或者之前同学们只有些不全面的概念。这就不能一拿到题目就动笔写了，写作前需要阅读大量的相关书籍文献，查阅一些专家学者对于这个知识点是如何定义的，这些作者们之间可能观点相似或冲突甚至处于两个极端，一个好的research paper，就好比一个案件评审员，是带着客观公正的心，在认真聆听各方意见的过程中，激荡提炼出自己的立场，并能有足够的理由捍卫它。是一种非常好的研究学习和培养批判思维的方式。

　　拿ACT官方给出的intelligent machine为例：

　　Perspective1：What we lose with thereplacement of people by machines is some part of our own humanity. Even ourmundane daily encounters no longer require from us basic courtesy, respect, andtolerance for other people.

　　Perspective2：Machines are good atlow-skill, repetitive jobs, and at high-speed, extremely precise jobs. In bothcases they work better than humans. This efficiency leads to a more prosperousand progressive world for everyone.

　　Perspective 3：Intelligent machineschallenge our long-standing ideas about what humans are

　　or can be. This is good because it pushesboth humans and machines toward new, unimagined

　　possibilities.

　　审题可以发现，P2和P3都是支持intelligent machine的发展，而P1是反对的。不论同学选择那个立场，如何处理和自己观点对立的perspective就是能否得高分的关键。

　　OG给出的满分作文里，作者选择了倾向于P1的观点，即intelligentmachine的发展会剥夺人性。对于P2和P3支持intelligent machine的观点，作者花了一整段分析并提供事例支持，仅在分析过后用一个转折句提出真正阐述自己观点的主体段。

　　As machines increasingly perform allour basic tasks, society is able to produce more. The additional productionadds material value to our society and frees people up from these low-skilltasks. This is in agreement with Perspective Twowhich claims that this industrialization leads to more prosperity. For example,in the 18th century, short-staple cotton that was grown in the Southern UnitedStates required an immense amount of labor in order to seperate the seeds fromthe fiber to process the cotton to make it marketable. However, in the mid-19thcentury, Eli Whitney, an American entrepreneur, invented the cotton gin, whichallowed for automation of cotton processing. This machine replaced the need ofa large work force for the process and greatly improved production. As a resultof the cotton gin, short-staple cotton production skyrocketed, increasing bymore than 10 times in the South while bringing prosperity to the region andsetting in motion a new industrial era in America. This isin agreement with Perspective Three, which says thatmechanization allows for “unimagined possibilities”. Although there are clearlymany advantages to industrialization, there are also some heavy drawbacks.

　　对和自己立场相反的观点给予尊重，并分析，最后得出Due to the risks of dehumanization, the material benefits ofmachines are not enough to justify its increasing presence.的观点时才显得非常有说服力。

　　以上整理的就是ACT新旧写作题目分析，希望对考生们有帮助。